Section 1: Networks
P1
Produce a series of information sheets or leaflets or small
set of linked web pages that describe each of the different types of networks
available and how they relate to particular network standards and protocols.
Area networks all cover different boundaries of
network topologies, the difference between them are that they have other
terminologies from each other. These Area Networks are WAN, LAN, WLAN, PAN,
ATM, MPLS. The protocols which are used by the above area network are TCP/IP,
AppleTalk, UDP, 802.2, 802.3
BUS Network
How does it work?
BUS network are the simplest way to connect multiple
clients, but may have problems when two clients want to transmit at the same
time on the same bus. The Bus Network uses a very common network protocol which
is called Ethernet. The bus network topology uses the Ethernet protocol.
Advantages
Easy to install
Cheap to set-up
Easy to manage and extend
Less expensive than the other topologies
Easy to spot the failures in the network.
Disadvantages
Both ends of the BUS need to be connected to a
PC or machine to work.
If there is a problem with the cables, the
entire network breaks down.
It works more efficient with fewer nodes.
STAR Network
How does it work?
In star network each node is connected to a central main hub
by one single cable, so the internet access is quite fast given the fact that
the signal input doesn’t have to go through other nodes, which means the signal
is direct from the hub to the node. The star network uses the Fast Ethernet,
ATM and Local Talk protocol.
Advantages
Star topology prevents the bundle of data
packets through an excessive number of nodes.
Each device is naturally isolated by the link
that connects it to the hub. This makes the isolation of the individual devices
uncomplicated and amounts to disconnecting each device from the others.
Easy to detect faults and to remove parts.
No disruptions to the network when connecting or
removing devices.
Disadvantages
If the central hub breaks down the whole network
collapses.
High dependence of the system on the functioning
of the central hub.
Extended Star
Network
How does it work?
Instead of connecting all devices to a central unit, we have
sub central devices to a central unit; we have sub central devices added to the
mix. This allows more functionality for organisation and subletting yet. The
extended star network uses the fast Ethernet protocols.
Advantages
Better for larger and more complex places or
environments.
Disadvantages
Can be useless if used for an entire building.
If one sub central device breaks down all the
devices connected to it breaks down as well.
Hierarchical/Tree
Network
How does it work?
Similar to a ‘Star Network’, except it doesn’t use a central
node. The hierarchical or tree network also uses Ethernet and ATM.
Advantages
Popular
Easy to set up
Cheap
Creates more redundancy than a BUS Network.
Better suited for small networks.
Disadvantages
If the device that is on top of the chain fails,
considers the entire network down.
MESH Network
(Full)
How does it work?
The full-mesh topology connects
every single node together.
This will creates the most
redundant and reliable network around- especially for large networks. It any
link fail, we (should) always have another link to send data through. The mesh
network uses is Ethernet as well.
Advantages
·
Secure and (should) always work
Disadvantages
·
Highly expense
·
Impractical
·
Cannot work over a number of sites
Ring Network
How does it work?
A ring network is a network
topology in which each node connects to exactly two other nodes, forming a
single continues pathway for signal through each node – a ring. Data travels
from node to node, with each node along the way handling every packet. The
protocol that ring network uses FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface). Ring
network also uses token ring
network protocol which uses twisted pair cabling. The advantage is that it is a
cheap protocol to purchase and set up.
Advantages
-
Since there is no end on a ring topology, nolerminators
are necessary
-
Does not require a central node to manage the
connectivity between the computers.
Disadvantages
-
One malfunctioning workstation can create problems for
the entire network.
-
Communication delay is directly proportional to number
of nodes in the network.
Mesh (Particle) Networks
How does it work?
Like
the full mesh, only we don’t connect each devise to every other devise on the
network. Instead we only implement a few alternate routes. A mesh network in
which every devise connects to every other is called a full mesh. A partical
mesh network also exists in which some devises connect only indirectly to
others. The protocol that the mesh (particle) uses is Ethernet and ATM as well.
Advantages
-
secure and (should) always work
Disadvantages
-
highly expensive
-
impractical
-
cannot work over a number of sites
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